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[View \| Download]	El teatro de marionetas wayang UNESCO: Lista representativa del Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial de la Humanidad -- 2008 URL: http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/RL/00039 Descripción: Esta forma antigua de narración, famosa por sus marionetas minuciosamente elaboradas y por lo complejo de sus estilos musicales, surgió en la isla indonesia de Java. Durante diez siglos, el wayang se desarrolló tanto en las cortes reales de Java y Balí como en los medios rurales. Hoy, no sólo se practica en esas islas, sino también en Lombok, Madura, Sumatra y Borneo, donde se han desarrollado distintos estilos locales de interpretación y de acompañamiento musical. Si esas marionetas fabricadas artesanalmente con esmero son de diversas tallas, formas y estilos, dominan dos grandes tipos: la marioneta de madera de tres dimensiones (wayang kitik o golèk), y la marioneta del teatro de sombras, lisa y de cuero (wayang kulit), cuya silueta es proyectada en sombra chinesca en una pantalla. Ambos tipos se distinguen por sus trajes, los rasgos de la cara y los cuerpos articulados. El dalang (maestro marionetista) manipula cuidadosamente los brazos mediante unas varillas muy finas fijadas en las marionetas. Para reforzar el efecto dramático, los cantantes y los músicos interpretan melodías complejas acompañándose de instrumentos de bronce y de gamelan (tambores). En otra época, los marionetistas eran considerados como personas cultas y expertas en transmitir con su arte valores morales y estéticos. Las palabras y las acciones de los personajes cómicos, que representaban al hombre llano, constituían artificios eficaces para criticar los problemas sociales y políticos, y es de creer que esta función especial contribuyó a su supervivencia a lo largo de los siglos. Los personajes de los mitos del wayang proceden de los mitos locales, a los cuentos persas o de las antiguas epopeyas indias. El repertorio y las técnicas de interpretación se transmitían oralmente dentro de las familias de los marionetistas, músicos y artesanos que las fabricaban. Los dalang han de ser capaces de aprender de memoria un amplio acervo de historias, declamar fragmentos de relatos antiguos y cantar canciones poéticas, todo ello de manera ingeniosa y creativa. El teatro de marionetas wayang sigue gozando del interés del público. Pero para hacer frente a la competencia de formas contemporáneas de diversión como el vídeo, la televisión o el karaoke, tienden a exagerar las escenas cómicas en detrimento del argumento de la historia y a reemplazar el acompañamiento musical tradicional por música pop, contribuyendo así a alterar ciertas características de la tradición. Paises: Indonesia Tags: 00039, 2003;, Convención, Cultural, Indonesia;, Inmaterial;, Patrimonio, UNESCO, de 1 Downloads - Last from: http://downthisvideo.com/ (Your Blog here!)
[View \| Download]	Patrimoni dell'umanità - Parco nazionale del Serengeti - Parte 1 Il Parco nazionale del Serengeti (in inglese Serengeti National Park) è una delle più importanti aree naturali protette dell'Africa orientale. Ha una superficie di 14.763 km², e si trova nel nord della Tanzania, nella pianura omonima, tra il lago Vittoria e il confine con il Kenya (1.30-3.20 S, 34.00-35.15 E). È adiacente al parco keniota di Masai Mara e ad altre importanti riserve faunistiche. È stato dichiarato Patrimonio dell'umanità dall'UNESCO nel 1981. Il parco rappresenta una delle principali attrazioni turistiche della Tanzania, e la più importante di un sistema di quattro aree naturali protette detto "Northern Safari Circuit", che include anche il Parco nazionale del lago Manyara, il parco nazionale del Tarangire, il parco nazionale di Arusha e la riserva naturale di Ngorongoro. Il nome del parco, nella lingua delle popolazioni masai locali, significa "pianura sconfinata". Tags: UNESCO, africa, parte, patrimonio, prima, primo, umanità 1 Downloads - Last from: http://downthisvideo.com/ (Your Blog here!)
[View \| Download]	The Best of Russian - Easy Tour The most common words, sentences and phrases for everybody who would like to visit Russia, start to learn the language or just to get to know its basics a little bit. It is a project of the Literature Course on Schiller Hight School in Münster. Tags: UNESCO, ag, basic, blackboard, course, dictionary, global, international, language, learn, lesson, media, medien, münster, net, pronunciation, russian, schillergymnasium, sentences, solar, video, words, workshop 1 Downloads - Last from: (Your Blog here!)
[View \| Download]	The Bistritsa Babi Archaic Polyphony, Dances and Rituals from the Shoplouk Region UNESCO: Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity - 2008 URL: http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/RL/00015 Description: The traditional dances and polyphonic singing found in the Shoplouk region of Bulgaria are still performed by a group of elderly women, the Bistritsa Babi. This tradition includes diaphony, or what is known as shoppe polyphony, ancient forms of the horo chain dance and the ritual practice of lazarouvane, an initiation ceremony for young women. Diaphony is a specific type of polyphonic singing in which one or two voices build the melody consisting of izvikva meaning to shout out and bouchi krivo meaning crooked rumbled roars, while other singers hold a monotone drone that is doubled or trebled to produce a more sonorous sound that accompanies the lead singers.The dancers, dressed in traditional costumes, hold each other by the waist or belt and dance in a circle, stepping lightly and moving counter-clockwise. A number of variations are performed within this structure, depending on the song and ancient ritual purposes. Although the social function of the polyphonic singing has changed over the twentieth century, as it is now primarily performed on stage, the Bistritsa Babi are regarded as an important component of the regions cultural life, promoting traditional expressions among the younger generations. The women are among the few remaining representatives of traditional polyphony and the village of Bistritsa is one of the last areas in Bulgaria in which this cultural expression has been maintained over the centuries. Due to its location near the capital Sofia, which offers a range of cultural attractions, young peoples interest in communitybased traditions is declining. Over the years, the rich repertoire of songs and dances has been reduced to include only the most popular highlights to be performed on stage. Country(ies): Bulgaria Tags: 00015, 2003, Bulgaria;, Convention;, Cultural, Heritage;, Intangible, UNESCO 1 Downloads - Last from: http://downthisvideo.com/ (Your Blog here!)
[View \| Download]	The Mevlevi Sema Ceremony UNESCO: Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity - 2008 URL: http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/RL/00081 Description: The Mevleviye is an ascetic Sufi order founded in 1273 in Konya, from where it gradually spread throughout the Ottoman Empire. Today, the Mevleviye can be found in many Turkish communities throughout the world, but the most active and famous centres of the orders activity are in Konya and Istanbul. The Mevleviye are renowned for their whirling dances. Following a recommended fast of several hours, the whirlers begin to rotate on their left feet in short twists, using the right foot to drive their bodies around the left foot. The body of the whirler is meant to be supple, with eyes open but unfocused so that images become blurred and flowing. At their dancing ceremonies, or Sema, a particular musical repertoire called ay›n is played. Based on four sections of both vocal and instrumental compositions, it is performed by at least one singer, a flute-player, called neyzen, a kettledrummer and a cymbal player. Dancers used to receive 1,001 days of reclusive training within the mevlevi-houses (mevlevihane), where they learned about ethics, codes of behaviour and beliefs by practising prayer, religious music, poetry and dance. After this training, they remained members of the order but returned to their work and families. As a result of secularization policies, all mevlevihane were closed in 1925.The Turkish government began to allow performances again, though only in public, in the 1950s, restrictions were eased in the 1990s. Some private groups are re-establishing the original spiritual and intimate character of the Sema ceremony. However, over the thirty years the tradition was practised clandestinely, transmission focused rather on music and songs than on spiritual and religious traditions, which has deprived performances of part of their religious significance. Consequently, many sema ceremonies are no longer performed in their traditional context but for tourist audiences, and have been shortened and simplified to meet commercial requirements. Country(ies): Turkey Tags: 00081, 2003, Convention;, Cultural, Heritage;, Intangible, NHK, Patrimoine mondial, Turkey;, UNESCO, World Heritage 1 Downloads - Last from: http://downthisvideo.com/ (Your Blog here!)